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If We Want To Transform African Economies, We Must Look Beyond Relying On Governments Alone: 7 Concrete Actions

By K.Y. Amoako

Africa is positioned to undergo dynamic change in the decades ahead. Thanks to abundant resources, a burgeoning youth population, and growing attractiveness to industry and investors, the time is ripe for Africa to transform its economies, set itself on a path toward sustainable and inclusive growth, and realize the potential that has eluded it for so long – if the transformation process is managed the right way. But what exactly constitutes the right way? And how do we get there from where we are now?

As African governments reorient national strategies and priorities to account for the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is more important than ever for policymakers and development partners to keep the economic transformation agenda on track for the long-term. Africa needs more than growth to improve livelihoods; it needs diversified production, modernized processes, and investments in technology and other forward-looking sectors to create more and better jobs. These are the types of priorities that drive transformation.

Through a career spanning five decades that has taken me from Ghana to the World Bank to the United Nations and back to Ghana, where I founded the African Center for Economic Transformation, I’ve learned what it takes for countries to implement a successful transformation agenda.

For example, governments alone cannot get us there. We need a shared vision and collaboration between public and private sectors and civil society. We also need an unwavering commitment and political buy-in to a national development strategy that is adhered to across administrations. We need coordination within government agencies and among regional economies. We need domestic resources that must be mobilized and managed fairly, effectively, and transparently. And above all, we need transformational leadership to drive the process.

Taken together, these attributes form a framework of seven concrete actions that will put countries on a path to sustainable development.

 

Countries must develop a shared vision and plan.

A national vision and strategy – developed through broad consultations with the private sector, civil society, think tanks, and regional forums – with clear, attainable goals, is imperative to guide economic transformation. Stakeholder buy-in should be earned, not expected.

Ethiopia sought extensive input from outside government before launching its initial five-year Growth and Transformation Plan in 2010, holding countrywide consultations led by senior government officials. The meetings included business leaders, religious leaders, university professors, youth associations, women’s groups, and development partners. One of the key issues that arose, civil service reform, became a pillar of the plan.

Actually, it’s encouraging how many African countries have put in place long-term strategies centered around transformation and informed by a broad public discourse. Kenya’s Vision 2030 “aims to transform Kenya into a newly industrializing, middle-income country.” Like many long-term strategies, it’s comprised of a series of medium-term plans. Preparations for the most current of those plans began in August 2012 with country consultations and business, professional, and other stakeholder forums. Uganda Vision 2040 was launched in April 2013 to transform Ugandan society into a “competitive upper-middle-income country within 30 years with a per capita income of $9,500”– aspirations arrived at following a national consultation process. And in 2016, Botswana launched Vision 2036, a “transformative blueprint” led by a presidential task team comprising stakeholders from across the country and including additional outreach from UNDP, UNICEF, and other UN agencies working in the country.

Simply having a well-informed and inclusive development plan is by no means enough to guarantee results. But a transformation strategy cannot get off the ground without one – and it’s unlikely to stay on track without a broad sense of collective ownership over its objectives and outcome.

 

2. Governments must focus on core state functions.

Economic transformation can take place only when the economy is managed well, which in turn enables businesses to thrive and transformation to flourish. This may seem obvious, but it’s not easy; policy action is required on many fronts. Indeed, the list of state functions that could help provide an environment conducive to business can be very long – too long, given the capacity constraints in most African countries. For that reason, it makes sense for the state to focus on a core set of priority functions that it can perform effectively. Chief among them are sound macroeconomic management that avoids high inflation and excessive public borrowing; a streamlined regulatory environment to encourage innovation and investment; and an exchange rate that keeps exports competitive. The good news for Africa is that decades of reforms have highlighted the importance of these functions, which are now generally well understood and accepted by policymakers in the region – even if actual policies in many countries have yet to catch up.

There are other central functions at which governments must excel in order to transform. They include: planning and managing public investments, particularly infrastructure; improving public procurement to make processes transparent and reduce corruption; administering customs, seaports, and airports honestly and efficiently to facilitate more trade and tourism – and in turn boost government revenues; and building statistical capacity to make more informed decisions.

 

3. Government agencies must coordinate their actions.

One of the biggest challenges that many Sub-Saharan African countries face in promoting transformation is coordination within government to implement realistic plans. Often, plans are produced by planning agencies using outside experts, resulting in a disconnect when it comes to implementation. That’s because if planning and finance operations are separate, as they often are, the planning agency may have little influence in ensuring that expenditures in the plan are actually reflected in the budget.

Since almost any serious transformation initiative cuts across several ministries and agencies, close coordination is imperative. It’s the only way to work toward shared goals rather than operating as individual units, a process under which long-term strategies are sure to wither. Ideally, such coordination is carried out by a single agency whose authority is accepted by other ministers and staff. It may be overseen by a powerful minister, or it may be performed by an agency directly under a president, prime minister, or top deputy. Regardless of the coordinating agency’s place in the government hierarchy, it must be empowered to convene stakeholders, assign tasks, monitor progress, and lead course corrections when necessary.

It’s difficult to find powerful agencies filling that need across most of Africa. But some countries at least are taking steps to improve coordination of economic policy and implementation in government. Botswana has achieved impressive economic growth over the years, moving from one of Africa’s poorest countries in the 1960s to an upper-middle-income country, largely on the strength of strong institutions and its flourishing diamond sector. More recently, it has moved to diversify with economic hubs for transportation, agriculture, health, education, innovation, and, of course, diamonds. These efforts have been coordinated by the National Strategy Office, created in 2010 to oversee the performance of all government growth and development entities – and to ensure coherence.

 

4. The public and private sectors must work together.

There is perhaps no more direct way to say this: successful economic transformation is wholly dependent on a productive working relationship between government and business. Each has a role to play and each is dependent on the other holding up its end of the bargain; otherwise specific and isolated initiatives are unlikely to lead to transformation.

Having an environment in which businesses can thrive is critical because the private sector should spearhead the creation of jobs and be in the best position to upgrade technologies and processes. Governments, meanwhile, must invest in basic infrastructure such as roads and power supplies to boost trade from the local level up and enable firms to expand. And as mentioned previously, they should streamline regulations to encourage entrepreneurship and cut unnecessary red tape. As a matter of standard practice, the public–private relationship must be symbiotic. In relation to Africa’s transformation, two areas tower above the rest for public–private partnerships: closing the education and skills gap, and building infrastructure, in particular power and electricity.

By 2050, Sub-Saharan Africa is expected to have a larger and younger workforce than India or China – more than 1.2 billion people. Currently, most countries are grappling with endemic underemployment for a youth population that is already surging. Education is the key to making the labor force an asset. But governments and their development partners must work together to improve education quality and access. Businesses clearly have a role to play here. And to leverage Africa’s labor market, it’s in their best interests to do so. Technical and vocational education is helpful, but it is expensive – up to six times the cost for general secondary education. The private sector can help offset these costs through practical training programs, fellowships, and curriculum design.

In addition to skills training, infrastructure is the other key area where government and business must work closely to lay the right foundation for any transformation strategy in any country to be successful. Roads, bridges, dams, and facilities are one thing, but Africa cannot transform until it addresses its power problem. Approximately 680 million Africans lack access to reliable power, representing only 56 percent of the population. According to the African Development Bank, per capita consumption of energy in Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding South Africa) is 180 kilowatt hours, compared with 13,000 kwh per capita in the United States. Africa’s energy potential, especially for renewables, is enormous but underutilized.

Powering up the continent will cost tens of billions. It simply can’t be done by governments alone.

Altogether, even as Africa’s millennium boom raised its profile among foreign investors, the reality of doing business there has not yet caught up with its potential as an enviable destination for the private sector. In almost all countries, the regulatory and operational environment is not conducive to starting and running a business, a precondition that must improve to enable transformative public–private partnerships.

 

5. Governments must integrate African economies.

The need for regional integration – and the lack of progress toward it – is a recurring theme in Africa’s development history. The importance of governments working together is only heightened when talking about economic transformation.

For instance, many Sub-Saharan economies are small and have to import most inputs to manufacture. They also lack a large domestic market, which hampers growth and limits employment. These challenges to the manufacturing industry ultimately can be overcome by becoming competitive in global export markets. But in the early stages of industrial development, they make it very difficult for any one country to gain traction in production efficiency, export competitiveness, or any of the growth with DEPTH attributes.

In general, Africa’s regional and demographic profile would seem to compel leaders to integrate the continent economically. Kwame Nkrumah certainly called for it, when Ghana was still the continent’s only independent country. The limitations of going it alone have always been evident. Among Africa’s 54 countries, 37 have GDPs less than $25 billion, and 16 are landlocked. Most have low population densities, poor physical infrastructure, and thick borders. Intraregional trade is a mere 15 percent, higher only than South Asia among developing regions. According to an AfDB report, these constraints make it difficult for African firms to reach competitive economic scales to move up regional – and global – value chains.

I see three key areas of focus for Africa to seize the opportunities that regional integration offers for economic transformation.

The first is financing and building regional infrastructure, including roads and other transport networks, power and energy solutions, and information technology. The second is trade facilitation, including customs and other cross-border regulations. African leaders in recent years have taken the biggest step yet toward true economic unification with the African Continental Free Trade Area agreement, which will establish a single continental market for goods and services. Though COVID-19 has delayed implementation plans, almost all African countries have signed on. The third is an unwavering political commitment to agreed-upon regional projects. For example, the Programme for Infrastructure Development in Africa is a continental initiative that aims to bring some momentum and order to numerous regional projects. It is a long-term plan through 2040 with an ultimate intention to “realize the building of the African Economic Community,” first outlined in the 1991 Abuja Treaty.

 

6. Countries must mobilize and manage their own resources.

For African countries to transform their economies, they will need massive financial help. For example, the AfDB estimates that through 2025 its High 5s agenda will require annual investments of about $300 billion, while the UN’s SDGs will require more than $600 billion, roughly 12 times the annual financing deployed for development in Africa over the past decade.

Where will those resources come from? The numbers for infrastructure investment alone illustrate the challenge. The AfDB estimates a $100 billion annual need over the next decade, but continent-wide, investment in infrastructure has averaged only half that over the previous decade. More telling, over 30 percent of those investments have been sourced from the ODA; the private sector, meanwhile, has contributed just 9 percent. For Africa to secure the resources it needs to see its countries transform, such a split is untenable.

It’s not that ODA is no longer necessary. Aid is still vital to Africa, in particular for fragile states and the poorest countries and to address strategic priorities in middle-income countries. But as I described in the last chapter, circumstances are very different than they were for the better part of my career. Issues of debt relief, budget support, and mutual accountability are not at the center of Africa’s development financing story going forward. Rather, it’s the need for countries to be more effective at mobilizing and managing their own resources.

 

7. Political leadership must drive the process.

Above all else, effective political leadership is fundamental to a country’s pursuit of transformation. Time and again, we have seen evidence that direct engagement from the very top of the political hierarchy is the key driver in a successful transformation agenda. And based on decades of successes (and failures), we can also identify the common attributes in transformative political leaders: having a clarity of vision, inspiring others to greater heights, implementing smart policies, governing selflessly, and building trust.

Extending beyond individual attributes or abilities, however, is the need for sheer political will. Successful transformation will span 20 or 30 years or more – a period that is often at odds with transfers of power. A transformation vision, however, must be long term, so support for it must be consistent over time and endure even as political leaders and policymakers come and go, or as new or varied needs arise. Without committed political leadership at the top and without the political will to stay the course, transformation will not take root.

This is an adapted excerpt from KNOW THE BEGINNING WELL:  An Inside Journey Through Five Decades of African Development by K.Y. Amoako, published by Africa World Press.  © 2020.

About the Author

K.Y. Amaoko is the President of the African Center for Economic Transformation (ACET), which he founded in 2008 in Ghana. He previously worked at the World Bank and served as the Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) at the rank of UN Under-Secretary-General. He is the author of Know The Beginning Well: An Inside Journey Through Five Decades of African Development, published by Africa World Press © 2020.

HR Transformation in 2020

Recent years have shown that HR has gone through dynamic changes from human labor to digitalization and automation. That does not mean it devalues human work but instead, it facilitates human work – making it easier and faster to manage the workforce.

The rise of technology in HR has played a key role in growing the economy and creating greater diversity in human capital. To stay in the game, organizations have no option but to go through digital transformation and stay à la mode, that is, up-to-date.

 

KEY ELEMENTS

  • The presence of technology or artificial intelligence does not replace or devalue human work; it rathers facilitates and complements each other
  • Virtual reality can be used to improve recruiting & training endeavors
  • Organizations have concentrated on improving employee engagement and satisfaction to attract talent
  • HR will guide businesses to success in 2020 rather than provide data
  • Gen Y, or Millennials, and Gen X are showing interests in the short-term jobs, also known as the gig economy, and freelancing (part and/or full time)
  • For just one function of HR, for instance, recruiting, an employee goes through a lot of applications. This will be integrated to facilitate smooth data sharing.

 

10 HR TRANSFORMATIONS IN 2020

Businesses around the world are realizing that to survive it needs to transform HR digitally. The group Vice President of Gartner, Brian Kropp, speaking about the challenges that HR leaders face, says that around two-thirds of businesses will go down if they do not adopt and increase digitalization by 2020.

A lot of planning and strategizing goes down when incorporating technology and the main challenge is for the employees to accept and learn. As rapid development takes place, top industry leaders were consulted to learn about the 10 HR transformations that companies can undergo to make informed decisions.

1. AI and RPA

Artificial Intelligence has shown to reduce the workload while shortening the time it takes to complete a task. Instead of employees pouring over to screen thousands of applicants or to evaluate massive data, the usage of technological applications has reduced the time taken and made the selection process easier to screen through.

Another advantage of using digital apps is to remove human bias. However, there is a downside too. Using AI means there’s no room for human bias during the selection and evaluation process. But, the stimulating factor here is humans. They select specific data that sets the algorithm which selects candidates, even if it is unintentional, and leaves out a significant number of recruits such as women, minorities, or seniors.

AI has also moved on to recognition, development planning, resource organizing, digital training, and a lot more.

Another issue that springs up is whether AI will replace humans. According to Ben Eubanks, founder of UpstartHR and Principal analyst of Lighthouse Research and Advisory, human skills (creativity, compassion, critical analysis, curiosity, and co-operation) will still be required to operate AI. He also goes on to say that even if AI is making advances, humans will still have an essential role to play.

Robotic Process Automation envelopes robotic skills such as ChatBot, machine learning, etc, just as better as AI. This helps in increasing productivity and speeds up communication among employees.

Chatbots are the most popular technology being used by companies to answer employees’ queries, which can be often common and repetitive. By incorporating chatbots, HR is free to address the more important questions that need their attention.

Another advantage of chatbots is having assistance and voice search. One such example is Alexa or Google. Deloitte recommends that RPA can be used for repeatable and predictable communication with digital apps.

2. VR and AR

Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality technology are used especially for job-specific skills. For instance, pilots are trained and tested via VR as it showcases real-life scenarios and how it is being tackled. These are best suited for high-risk businesses such as Army recruitments or in construction. Although they are not popular enough now, it’s worth watching out for in the future.

3. EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT

Employee satisfaction has become one of the key issues that most companies strive to achieve. Positive workplace environment, the value of their contribution, challenging work, etc. can be a source of improving productivity, increasing loyalty, and job satisfaction.

Employee retention has become so important that organizations are willing to invest more resources to cater to employees’ needs. According to a survey, it has been found that employees connect job satisfaction to their work environment rather than their remuneration.

4. HR GUIDELINES

One of the trends that may become popular in the future is the Organization Guidance System (OGS) in HR, according to Dave Ulrich, professor, author, and speaker. He comments that instead of just delivering the desired outcomes, HR will also be able to guide organizations in solving problems so they can make sustainable progress and achieve success.

5. PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT

Usually, performance feedback is provided once a year and time-consuming meetings are held to talk about each individual’s progress. Now, with the help of feedback channels and pulse surveys, employees can receive feedback on their personal and professional development and improve productivity.

Having an opportunity to share their views is seen to be more constructive, according to Sushman Bishwas for HR Technologist.

6. NEW WORK ENVIRONMENT

There are now two new ways to work.

  • Temp jobs: To earn extra income, employees take up side hustles or part-time freelancing. Full-time freelancers work on their own most of the time and it has reached the HR too. Now HR consultations are provided by HR freelancers. Todays’ workforce is drawn to this gig economy – so companies need to acknowledge it to still be in the game.
  • Telecommuting: Many companies are now accepting work from home. Besides, it provides high benefits such as greater productivity, motivation due to its effect on happiness and job satisfaction.

7. SUCCESSION SHIFTS

As more and more baby boomers retire and newer generations replace them, organizations struggle to normalize and make new adjustments. New and young people means new views, new opinions, new technology that they use, etc. Companies need to understand this archetype of how to shift workers successfully.

In the event of a shifting process, organizations need to make sure that the retirees’ knowledge is passed on to the new worker. On-the-job training for the new employees can be a way to teach them the main functions that the job entails and reduce any potential skills gap.

8. TASK PLANNING

Another popular trend is that companies are now shifting away from manpower planning to task planning. In Ulrich’s words, more emphasis is given on how the task will be done rather than who does it.

The options are available today such as full-time, part-time, contract workers, and AI. Shortening the tasks by using technology can save time but it will not replace humans, Ulrich stated. It will merely be an assistant which will rely on human ideas to accomplish a task. With remote workforce management software your business travel experience will improve while keeping your global workforce safe and compliant.

9. WEARABLE DEVICES

It has been predicted that wearable devices will be increasingly used to monitor health issues, increase productivity, and job satisfaction in the workplace.

For instance, workers who have been sitting down for a long time with the wrong posture will be alerted and the data would also get transferred to the management simultaneously.

Another example is where construction workers can see through the wall with a wearable device and decide better on how to tear down the wall

10. HR INTEGRATION

Recruiting alone requires 11 different systems, stated Charney (Recruitment Solutions & Strategy Leader at QuantumWork).

Every function of HR is being integrated with technology, be it career management, recruitment, assessment, etc. With the dawn of automation, integrating technology has become essential to facilitate capacities and explore opportunities.

 

EXCLUSIVE SOFTWARE

No matter how technologically advanced an organization is, if the software they use is of poor quality, they stand no chance of survival. Therefore, as your company grows, and more complicated processes arise, you need to keep updating to the latest software versions to keep up.

An example would be Axxerion, a CMMS (Computerized Maintenance Management System) where they dispatch work orders, schedule maintenance, keep accounts of revenues and expenses, etc.

A reliable and good quality software that provides solutions to large data, and is responsible for presenting the correct data, can save time, money, effort, and resources.

 

THE FUTURE IS HERE

Technology plays a huge role today in our everyday lives. Even with newer innovations coming up, most organizations have adopted employee-centric culture to increase productivity, and job satisfaction and provide better performance reviews.

Integrating human and tech skills together open up opportunities, saves time, avoids repetitive tasks, and makes life easier for everyone.

Things You Need to Know for Finding A Job in Thailand

If you listed the most popular countries for a holiday destination, Thailand would be, without a doubt, in the top five (regardless of budget and taste for tourism) perhaps because of the famous Bangkok Nightlife. But, what if you want to stay and make your living there?

Being a newly industrialized country, Thailand may not have as many highly paid jobs as some western countries. A couple ways to find a job in Thailand is through job websites or contacting recruitment agencies like JOB Worker Service in Bangkok.

If you are a foreigner, your chances of getting a job there depend on a number of aspects; so let’s dig into it and get you a job in Thailand!

Where are You Applying From

You don’t need to be in Thailand to apply for a job; however, it completely depends on:

1. Type of the job
2. The urgency of the employer

For high salary jobs, employers would preferably want to consider applications from job seekers worldwide to find a better option. Finding a job for less money from another country isn’t a common practice, but possible.

If the job needs to be filled up urgently, the employer may go for a quicker procedure and hire someone from within the country. If that’s the case, you may consider applying from Thailand to ensure your availability.

Usually, when a job circulation is posted on platforms like Linkedin or such, that is open for all nationalities, is a telltale sign of a vacancy that even foreigners can apply for. You may expect to be asked your reason behind moving to Thailand during your interview.

In such a case, interviews are held via skype if they like an application and later call for a face-to-face interview if the candidate is shortlisted. However, with better luck one can even get the job straight from a skype interview and get paid to fly to Thailand.

Educational Background

Candidates with a degree in technology, engineering, or math, have more chances to get a job in Thailand. 

However, if you’re from other fields like business studies, you can also hope to get a job, but with some restrictions.   

Such as doctors from other countries are only permitted to do research in Thailand. Also, lawyers from outside cannot join the bar; whilst, they may get hired as a consultant by some law farms.

In many countries, university degrees are a must for a modest job, but not in Thailand. You can easily get a job in sectors like tech, media,and NGO,   if you have enough skill. Sometimes even schools recruit employees based only on their skill.

However, getting a work permit becomes much easier if you have a university degree.

Experience

As stated earlier, skill plays a vital role to get a job in Thailand. So, if you have a great work profile and do amazingly well in the interview, you can easily manage to get a job. In most cases, it requires previous job experiences to get a job in Thailand.

Therefore, if you have never worked in Thailand before, you need to prove your skill first instead of trying to impress the interviewers with your fascination towards the beauty of the country.

Cultural Adaptability

When living and working in a foreign land, cultural adaptability is something you must achieve to get yourself going smoothly. You need to learn it if you are not already familiar with it. It’s important to keep in mind since culture varies from country to country.

Adopting Thai culture, especially at work should be one of your primary goals since it may play a big role in your probation period and convince the authority to hire you permanently. You must understand that a few experiences in previous holiday trips may not be of great help.

Geographical flexibility

It’s not always easy to get comfortable in a new geographical environment. Some people even choose to quit a job for lack of physical or mental comfort; and cases like that are not uncommon in Thailand.

That’s why it is easier to get the second job in Thailand than the first one. So, don’t reject your first job offer since it will help you to get better jobs in the future. Also, if you are a passionate traveler, and love adventure, mentioning those in your resume may prove to be helpful.

Work Permit and Visa

Working without a work permit in Thailand is illegal. So, if you get a job with your tourist visa, you must not do it since it can get you into serious trouble. So if you want to work in Thailand, as a freelancer or an executive, get your business visa or work permit done first.

Medical Certification

Medical certification is a must if you want to get a work permit for Thailand. It’s an easy and cheap health check-up that can be done from any clinic or hospital in Thailand. But it is always better to get it done from a well-reputed one.

Language

Learning a new language can be fun and very helpful for your living in a new country. However, working in Thailand doesn’t require you to know the Thai language. Knowing English should be enough to get you a job there. However, a moderate skill in Thai will be counted as a plus point.

Conclusion

Regardless of your nationality, you can apply for a job in Thailand if you meet their requirements. But you must remember, for foreigners, there are a number of restrictions that may come in our way of desired professional practice. Take care of those while you approach them.

Also there can be some restrictions from your respective country too. Make sure you are fully aware of all legal issues before making the move.

Best Bad Credit Lenders for Mortgages

While many people think that getting a mortgage with bad credit history is impossible, that is not the case. Yes, your options are limited, but applying and getting approved is a scenario. Banks are usually not open to the idea of dealing with people that have a bad credit history, which is why you need to find an alternative.

There are several steps that you can take which will improve your chances of getting a mortgage with other lenders. Buying with a partner, honesty, having an explanation, etc. Of course, the rates may be significantly higher than the usual, but the bottom line is that you can get accepted. So, with that thought in mind, we decided to give you a small list of some of the best bad credit lenders for mortgages. Let’s check them out.

 

Homebridge (Our Top Pick)

Homebridge is one of the most reputable lenders when it comes to bad credit mortgages. In 2016, they acquired Prospect Mortgage and solidified their spot as the best company and one that is very friendly and flexible with its clients.

The one thing that made Homebridge stand out in the crowd is the low loan amount limits, as well as their low credit score requirements. Applications are complete online and they only take a few minutes. They also accept applications from self-employed borrowers, which is a big plus.

Some of the required documents at Homebridge are photo identification, SSN, address, past and present employment, income sheet, and financial-related information. We found a good review of this lender which will help you get familiar with this lender. If you are interested in the review, you can read more here.

 

Navy Federal

Navy Federal is the largest natural member credit union in the United States. This is yet another reputable company. All you have to do to apply for a bad credit mortgage is to call them. They have been praised for their efficiency and effectiveness, as well as their good customer relationship. These pros, combined with the low-interest fees is what made Navy Federal earn a spot on our list.

This lender has several other options for people that deal with a bad credit score. Aside from mortgages, they also have excellent options when it comes to title loans. As you may know, they are short-term secured loans that use the borrower’s car as collateral. The repayment terms at Navy Federal are better than most of the lenders, which is why many people choose them if they need fast money.

Of course, there are some downsides to this type of loan, like handing over the vehicle title to the lender and higher interest rates, but they are expected, especially when you take into consideration bad credit scores. On the flip side, some of the pros of getting a car title loans are quick cash, fast approvals, and no credit checks – hence why they are so popular with people that have a bad current score.

There are several things that you need to know about the car title loans and they are worth a read before applying for one. We are already a step further, which is why we can provide you with the best article that contains all of the details surrounding this type of loan and you can read it here.

 

LendingTree

This name should ring a bell because LendingTree is the biggest online lending marketplace in the US. It was founded in 1996 and many people can find the best deals when it comes to bad credit mortgages, insurance, etc. This company has been the top choice of many borrowers due to its popularity and reputation. After researching and learning everything there is to know about mortgages and bad credit mortgages, LendingTree turned out to be a very trustworthy company.

They have several types of mortgages, depending on the interest rates and they are all worth checking out.

A Good Card Machine is Critical for Success in 2020

As of 2020, card payment machines have become more critical than they ever were before, and that is just an undeniable fact under the present circumstances. Before 2020, almost all large transactions in the UK were being completed via credit/debit cards, which has been the case for many years now, but the importance of having a quality card payment machine at even a tiny retail unit is more important this year because of the pandemic. As we elaborate more on the topic and the critical connection between the two, things will begin to make more sense soon.

 

How Covid-19 has Made Card payment Machines Even More Important for Businesses of All Sizes

The government, private sector, and even the general public is well aware of how the novel coronavirus spreads at this point, that is as far as public knowledge goes. This is good news since that knowledge can be crucial to limiting the spread of Covid-19 beyond what it is right now. As cash money is, by far, the most exchanged object that passes through multiple hands and is often a potent germ carrier, it is also suspected by many to be a possible cause for the spread of Covid-19 worldwide.

Now, it should be noted that there is no clear evidence that the virus can be spread via cash exchange, but there isn’t enough evidence to the contrary either. Paper Currency is just that; it is paper, and anyone who is infected by the coronavirus can potentially deposit the virus from their body and onto the currency notes they are handling without even realising it. Given that research shows the coronavirus’s ability to survive on paper surfaces can be as long as four days, it wouldn’t come as a major surprise if paper currency indeed turned out to be a potent cause behind the virus’s spread later on.

 

Public Opinion: What Consumers Believe Matters the Most to a Business

A large number of consumers are not willing to pay in cash or receive change, which is just how things are right now. They cannot be blamed for not wanting to pay in cash, given the situation and all. If at this point, a business is unable to produce a card payment machine for receiving the due payment via credit/debit card, that can lead to a whole series of problems such as:

  • Loss of sales
  • Gaining a bad reputation
  • Catching and spreading Covid-19
  • Conflicts with customers as they demand to be able to pay via card
  • Permanent loss of customers
  • People not being able to buy essentials and emergency supplies

 

The Offline Retail Industry is Already Suffering Huge Losses

Unless you also have an online business wing, chances are that your retail business has seen better years. To understand the gravity of the situation, we need to look back further into 2019. What a lot of companies do not realise is that 2019 was already a bad year for the retail segment as a whole, and particularly for offline retailers. In fact, it was the worst year ever in recorded history in the British retail sector.

As one can probably guess, this was primarily brought on by the Brexit deal and the uncertainty that surrounded the whole affair. This resulted in roughly 140,000 retail staff losing their livelihoods, as thousands of stores had to be shut down by their owners on account of bankruptcy, or just to keep their losses from leading them to bankruptcy. Now, take into consideration – the year 2020 is expected to be even worse since offline retail operations had completely ceased to operate for months during the initial lockdowns, and even now, they are operating with strict limitations. At a time like this, can any shop, store, or even a large retail chain really afford to refuse business to their customers because they do not have card payment machines? They cannot, and a good number of smaller businesses are finding out about it the hard way.

 

Choosing a Good Card Payment Machine and the Right Service Partner

To simplify things, let’s take the example of UTP Group Merchant Services, which is among the top names in the industry. If we were to take a closer look at the services they offer, as well as the in-built features that card machines from UTP Group come with by default, we should have a clear view of what to ideally we’d like to expect from the merchant service provider in the UK.

Being one of the only two service providers in the UK to work with Barclaycard bank, UTP Group has established itself as one of the most reliable names in this industry. They are also the sole owners of their Faster Processing technology, which allows funds from a transaction to appear on the business’s associated bank account in 24-hours or less. In most circumstances, the funds can also be made available in roughly 60 minutes. That way, as a business owner, you would not have to wait the usual 3-5 days for the money to appear on your bank account.

The best card payment machine providers have a UK based, well-trained customer support team to help local businesses out at any time and out of any issues that they might be facing with their card machine or any other linked services. This point in particular should be taken into account while choosing a merchant service partner, since good service can be hard to come by in the middle of everything that is going on right now.

As an additional method of payment, it would be particularly beneficial to both the customers and the merchants themselves if the card payment machine was a model designed to accept NFC payments (where the customer can pay via contactless technology). Everyone has a smartphone these days and having the ability to let customers use them for making payments can be a significant sales-boosting factor in 2020.

 

Small Businesses without a Merchant Service Need to be Careful Now

In their hurry to buy card payment machines, SMEs will often end up partnering with a poor merchant service provider. This is a huge possibility because the cheapest services often seem the most alluring. That is quite understandable under the given circumstances since these are trying financial times for traditional, offline businesses. Unfortunately, that can only lead to the business suffering further losses on account of:

  • Slow funds processing and transfer speeds
  • High rates of failure during payment
  • Poor uptime (the number of hours a server operates smoothly for)
  • The card payment machines repeatedly breaking down
  • Terrible customer care
  • Unreliable financial partners (the financial institution which processes the payment)

For reasons already mentioned, it is imperative that every UK business which did not accept card payments before, start doing so in 2020, and as soon as possible at that. However, choosing a merchant service provider is a bit tricky since the options are far too many. The facts we just discussed are universally available to everyone, including companies that provide card machines and the associated merchant services to facilitate cashless transactions in offline businesses. This means that they are also aware of the huge opportunities that they have to make sales during these trying times, and that is where the SMEs need to be careful while looking through their options.

Ten Productivity Tips For Entrepreneurs To Lead The Team Better

Being a leader requires more than just bossing people around. It requires the enthusiasm to lead and inspire people so they can be their best selves. One of the most critical responsibilities of a manager is encouraging your employees so they can be more productive and efficient while working. It’s a very tricky job. Finding the right balance between continually providing your employees with an inspirational and productive environment while also getting the work done on time is one of the hardest challenges that no one ever mentions in the job description.

Leading people to trust you and do good work under you or independently is an art and a skill that you can learn. While there are no shortcuts or specific ways for you to become “the best of the best that’s ever existed,” there are still a couple of things you can do to ensure that your employees are working to the best of their abilities. Here are ten ways to help increase the productivity of your team.

 

1. Just Be Yourself

Inspiring people isn’t as easy as saying a couple of motivational quotes and calling it a day. To inspire people, you have to be real with them, and there is no replacement for your authenticity. It’s not going to be a one-time thing. You’re going to have to motivate your employees almost regularly or before every big project. Putting up a façade takes a toll on your mental health, plus people can always spot pretentiousness. Behave in a manner that will remain consistent and also something that you’re comfortable with.

 

2. Feedback And Transparency Are Essential

For your employees to work at their absolute best, there needs to be a level of trust and transparency. Many managers are afraid of incorporating this, but communicating and accepting where you’re wrong is essential for a good leader. Quite a number of virtual offices in India have worked hard in developing a culture where feedback and constructive criticism are encouraged. To normalize this in an office environment, start with yourself, and set an example for others. 

 

3. Get To Know Your Employees

For you to inspire and encourage your employees to work better, you also need to get to know them not only on a professional level but a little bit on a personal level too. If an employee shares something about an incident with their family or seems slightly down, be involved enough to check up on them at the end of the day. Remembering this proves that you care about your employee and helps develop a strong bond of trust and respect. Once you have a good connection, it won’t be hard for you to determine how to motivate them to do better. Your employees will invest more energy and time in their work if they know that their boss cares about their performance and success.

 

4. Appreciation Is The Key

Being attentive enough to notice when an employee has done an excellent job is essential. Even a few words of appreciation can go a long way as they can help keep motivation levels high. You’ll be surprised to know how positively people react to a simple “good job” from their boss. It keeps them motivated to do better every day.

 

5. Upgrade Technology

Many aspects of work-life can be extremely monotonous and indirectly cause a person to get frustrated and lose interest and dread coming to work because of it. Observe such things and see if you can get updated tech and software to finish that task. There’s a solution for almost everything nowadays like this list of office productivity applications that are really helpful. This will make your employees happier and much more productive.

 

6. Encourage Them To Take Risks

In an environment where failure meets with harsh criticism and punishment, the fear of being fired always prevails. That fear becomes an employee’s source of motivation (for all the wrong reasons), and ultimately their productivity falls because of being anxious all the time. Instill in your employees that if a lead has a chance of success, they should be willing to take risks provided they’ve done their due research and trust their gut. Employees have to deal with decisions like these daily. Encouraging them to take risks makes them more confident and drives them to seek new and innovative steps that are ultimately beneficial for the company and the employee’s personal growth.

 

7. Use Time Blocks

When you need to multitask and have a ton of work to get through, your mind gets foggy, and you start to panic, thinking you can’t get through all of it in time. A more efficient way to avoid this is by using time blocks. Time blocks are just small periods of the scheduled time, during which you focus on one thing only and block out the rest from your mind. This not only helps employees stay focused but also crossing things off of their to-do list works on getting them more energetic and motivated throughout the day.

 

8. Give Them The Freedom

If your employees start feeling like they have to be a certain way, dress a certain way or like they can’t be themselves, it won’t keep them happy and certainly not motivated. Talking to your employees about the kind of work they want to do, encouraging them to do it, and giving constructive criticism can help them grow and learn. This will, in turn, create an environment in the office that lets employees enjoy and work on the things they love the way they like.

 

9. Push People

While you do need to give employees autonomy, you also have to overlook their work and make sure they have a helping hand ready, so they don’t spend an ample amount of time figuring things out when they could be working on them. Push them to think outside the box and challenge themselves every day.

 

10. Hire The Best

It is a given, but it’s an important reminder that to get the results you want in a professional environment, you have to hire people who are passionate about the work they want to do.

 

Conclusion

It’s not easy being a leader and keeping an eye on everyone, but if you invest enough time and energy into your employees, it will pay back.

How superficial background checks can freeze out qualified employees

Hiring new employees is not an easy process. There are several things to consider: qualifications, attitude, culture fit, personality, etc. Hiring managers have the enormous responsibility of sorting through applicants (all of whom might be perfectly able to do the job in question) and choosing the best of the best. Human Resources professionals need all the help they can get in order to make good decisions. That’s why they partly rely on background checks to determine which candidates are better and why. A greatly qualified candidate may have a history of litigations, which can end up damaging a company. Or someone may have lied on their resume, putting the company at risk (especially when certifications are required by law, like in the case of health professionals).

 

Superficial Background Checks

There are many websites that offer to perform background checks for a few dollars. Some even have free options. But there are problems associated with superficial background checks. For example, there is a high likelihood of mixing up the records of people who have very similar names. To avoid these issues, use a more in-depth service such as checkpeople.com. Not only can they find information in a matter of minutes, but they can also sort through duplicate records, analyze data, and sort it by relevance. You’ll get:

  1. Criminal Records/Arrest Reports: Most companies will prefer to hire employees with no criminal records. Some people may even be banned by law from performing certain types of activities.
  2. Bankruptcies: Understanding how people manage money may be really important before a hiring decision, especially when the position entails financial responsibilities.
  3. Liens: Much as bankruptcies, understanding someone’s liens helps determine if they are able to handle money.
  4. Traffic Records, such as a DUI, are very important when the position in questions requires driving.
  5. Sexual Offender Status
  6. Civil Records: These are non-criminal records, such as divorces, child custody, or a restraining order.

An in-depth background check can also help you verify someone’s identity, analyze information on their social media accounts, verify their address history, and get a list of immediate and distant relatives. Checkpeople’s services are less than $50 a month per unlimited searches, and they have the option to download reports in PDF format for a small additional fee.

To be more confident you can even reveal an employee’s personality via pre-employment tests. For example, the Cubiks test can help you to assess candidates’ preferences in the workplace and explore their personal style of working.

Important Considerations

A superficial background check can be the reason why your company passes on a perfectly capable employee, but there is more to it: 

  1. Your company may be liable for non-compliance with anti-discrimination laws, and this can have costly consequences.
  2. You may need to start the process over, as candidates have the right to ask for corrections if their records were mistaken or mixed up. This will end up costing the company more time and money.
  3. There are many irregular background check services, and by using them, you might even be breaking the law. For example, to perform a credit background check, you need to make sure that the service is certified by the FTC as a Credit Reporting Agency (or CRA). You can also be the victim of a scam or identity theft.
  4. Candidates may choose not to apply to your jobs if you have a history of messed up background checks, which will diminish your company’s chances of hiring top talent. 
  5. A superficial background check can also miss a fake diploma or certification, and your company may be liable for mistakes made by a non-certified or licensed employee. This is especially important regarding positions in healthcare, beauty, fitness, and education, among others.

Background checks are an excellent way to find out more about someone, which should happen before entering any contractual relationship. However, choosing a background check service is a delicate process. Some hiring managers use Google to find more information about a candidate. While it’s good for tidbits and some cold facts, search engines can end up being rabbit holes in which you’ll get lost or follow mistaken leads. For this reason, investing a few dollars on a professional service is much more cost-effective. Whenever possible, find fore alternative sources to verify your information before you make a decision, as a wrong move may cost your company a lot of money. (for example, when a rider sued Uber for not performing a proper background check on a driver, who ended up raping her. If you want to read more about the story, visit this site

What is Performance Engineering and Why Should Companies Embrace It?

Today’s users expect software to operate efficiently, without failure. When it fails that test organizations face immediate reputational and financial damage, which are both avoidable risks when prioritizing performance.

As software scales in complexity, companies are recognizing that performance engineering and performance testing are essential to the development process. Still, there’s a common misconception that performance is only about speed, when in fact it runs much deeper.

When approached correctly, performance becomes a foundational pillar of company culture, bringing about customer experience enhancements, an increase in profits, and operational improvements for the business.

In this article, we’ll explore how performance engineering and performance testing differ, examining the benefits they produce for organizations and their overall impacts on the software development lifecycle.

What is Performance Engineering?

At its core, performance engineering is about continuously improving a product’s speed and efficiency while embedding performance decisions into architecture, design, and implementation.

Performance engineering allows you to uncover a product’s performance fallbacks at the very beginning of the software development lifecycle, preventing expensive changes later down the line. As prototypes develop into fully realized products, a proactive focus on performance engineering will result in time and cost savings, as well as boosting the product’s value, both from a user and business perspective.

To maximize the benefits of performance engineering, companies require engineers who can build performance into software from day one and understand how all aspects of the system fit together. For example, in one PSL case study, our team of performance engineers brought about a 200% improvement in the product’s performance in just 6 months, resulting in the client’s ability to secure larger contracts and customers.

In a nutshell, performance engineering enables companies to achieve more within their industry thanks to the profound impact it has on software products. That said, despite the continuous potential benefits of performance engineering, many companies stick with performance testing as it’s easier, cheaper, and faster to implement.

What is Performance Testing?

Performance engineers cannot do their jobs without understanding exactly where to improve performance, which is where performance testing comes in.

Unlike functional or QA testing, which primarily uncovers issues with functionality, performance testing is a method of testing software for speed, response time, resource usage, and potential for scalability. There are several types of performance testing, including load testing, endurance testing, spike testing, volume testing, scalability testing, and stress testing, each of which assesses the software’s capability to handle large amounts of data or users in different scenarios.

Performance testing is also a method of obtaining metrics that allow performance engineers to set the right goals and fix issues before software goes into production. Tests are usually performed in isolated performance environments to eliminate the impact on production resources and end-users.
 

With automation, it becomes possible to scale daily testing capacity from a handful of performance tests to hundreds. We’ve implemented a continuous performance testing approach with several of our nearshore partners that allows us to automate stress testing on a massive scale. This level of automation allows us to push changes to the repository every day, providing feedback that directs further code improvements and performance upgrades.

On its own, performance testing is a great way to understand the limitations of an application, but when combined with performance engineering, it becomes a powerful tool for achieving business objectives by vastly improving a product’s performance.

Performance Engineering vs Performance Testing

If you’re wondering what your organization should opt for, it depends entirely on the current health of your performance capabilities and the need to focus on performance. While both options are valuable and complement each other, not every organization will have a viable reason to move past simple testing to full-blown performance engineering.

When companies have no performance engineering capabilities, it’s best to start with performance testing to measure their application’s performance. A simple load test can help to establish the application’s baseline, highlighting things like its maximum throughout or average response time. For lightweight apps with a relatively small user base, this is usually enough.

For applications that become more complicated, organizations should start to perform tests more often, as the insights gained will allow teams to integrate performance into the software development lifecycle. By keeping track of performance indicators and watching how they evolve over time, development teams can more easily adopt performance engineering practices to ensure better results.

Overall, it’s not about choosing between performance testing vs performance engineering, but about starting with a granular approach and scaling the focus on performance along with the application.

Innovations in Performance Engineering

Most performance engineering tools available today are costly, difficult to customize, and incompatible with most technologies, forcing performance specialists to improvise and innovate.

For instance, PSL’s team of performance engineers created Performance Explorer, our proprietary performance testing management tool. The tool enables engineers to collect and analyze performance data, predict future application behavior, detect risks such as memory leaks, and optimize data processing efficiency, significantly reducing manual tasks and expediting results.

Innovations like these are making it easier and cheaper to guide and streamline the performance engineering process, reducing the challenges associated with PE adoption and highlighting the benefits of adopting both performance engineering and performance testing practices.

With the right partners and the right approach to performance engineering, organizations can leverage these innovations to avoid the damaging risks associated with poor performance, giving them an edge in the market and higher value within their customer base.

5 Best Ways To Make More Money With Clickfunnels

Clickfunnels has a wide array of money-making opportunities that are just waiting to be tapped into. This software allows you to use your sales funnels efficiently to generate greater profits. This article will tell you about ways you can use Clickfunnels and their affiliate program to make more money than ever.

Clickfunnels is a software that lets you use a marketing sales funnel to increase profits for your businesses. It helps you direct your client proficiently through sales. The way this software helps you guide your client through products may cause profits to maximize in the long run.

 

1. Introducing Sales Funnels

A common question for any beginner might be ‘What are sales funnels?’ Well, sales funnels are the stages that a client goes through in order to buy a product or service. These funnels are something that guides the client. These may exist in online or offline purchases.

The way a sales funnel is designed may impact greatly on the purchasing behavior of a client. Clickfunnels help you in making better marketing sales funnels. At this point, you must understand that a well-designed sales funnel can have significant effects on generating profits from businesses.

The software is also very effective in tracking customers. Sticky cookies are used to make these customers recurring customers.

Currently, there are various clickfunnels affiliate training programs and courses available online that can help teach you about everything you need to know about creating Clickfunnels and sales funnels.

 

2. Sell Your Own Products

You can use ClickFunnels to sell your own product by creating a variety of mediums.

You can easily use it to sell physical products through e-commerce. You can even use ClickFunnels to create your own online store. Through e-commerce, you can get a lot of free plus shipping offers. With the help of sales funnels, you can bring in more customers and make more profit. However, selling physical products takes time, and there are also up-sells and offers to consider.

Another thing you can sell is information products.  These products can include a wide variety of things like reports and analysis, Ebooks, cheat sheets, templates, and more.

 

3. Join The ClickFunnels Affiliate Program

To use ClickFunnels, you need to be registered on the website first. You will get tools and strategies that will help you generate leads, sell your products, and create follow-up funnels. However, opportunities don’t end here.

The best part about it is their affiliate program. If you are already a part of their paid membership you can be a part of their affiliate program as well. All you have to do is join and joining their program enables you to earn hefty commissions.

The ClickFunnels affiliate program enables you to earn a whopping 40% commission on any of its sales. This just doesn’t apply to the software it sells. Rather, you can avail a one-time commission on the sale of any ClickFunnels product. It applies to all the products, which are webinars, software, and books.

If anyone joins under you, you will also get a 5% commission as long as they are a paying member. If anyone joins under you and decides to pay after the 14 day trial period for a membership, then you will get a 5% commission.

Payments are done by either PayPal or cheques. PayPal users can withdraw weekly commissions if it is above 50 dollars. Check users get monthly commissions. As you can see, the opportunities for money-making are very lucrative through this program.

 

4. Utilize ClickFunnels Share Funnels

One way that you can benefit as much as possible from the affiliate program is to utilize the feature called “ClickFunnels share funnels.” Not every person has gotten onto the benefits that can be produced using this element yet, so we advise you to get an early ticket.

The component empowers you to share your phenomenal funnel ideas with other ClickFunnels clients and non-clients. At the point when you share your funnels to other people. On the off chance that they are a ClickFunnels partner already, the funnels will be consequently added to their rundown of usable layouts. Otherwise, the individual is approached to begin their free 14-day trial.

When a free trial is over, if the individual remains and turns into a ClickFunnels member with a paid membership, you get a commission.

 

5. Build and Sell Your Own Funnels

Once you have enough marketing experience, you will be very capable of creating your own funnels. The one way you can be completely sure you will make money is by selling your crafted funnel to someone else.

But this requires tons of experience and mastery because there is no bluffing your way out of this. You would have to understand all the basics, integrations, and automation of the tool.

But this can be rewarding once you know more about the tool. As a beginner, you can offer your services for about $200-$400 for each funnel, but the more experience and knowledge you gain, the better you can become at this.

Professionals can even charge up to $10,000 for each funnel and you also don’t have to stress over finding a target customer base. Your target base will consist of mostly entrepreneurs who don’t have the time to spare or lack the knowledge to create efficient funnels themselves. Currently, there are over seventy thousand entrepreneurs who are using ClickFunnels and even more people are wanting to use it every day.

 

Final Thoughts

ClickFunnels is an effective and an almost sure-fire way of making money. Whether you want to sell your own products through it or just join their affiliate program, the rewards are, no doubt, satisfactory. However, the tool is not going to make money on its own; you have to know how to effectively use it. Once you get the hang of it, try to consider the above-mentioned ways to get the best out of ClickFunnels.

How to Become a Business Executive in the Aerospace Field

Your hope is to be a head-hunted executive; you want Fortune 500 companies to find you on BOB Search. However, what you may not realize is that the journey to becoming a business executive in the aerospace industry does not often start on the business side, but rather the technological. Nowadays, while you will still need to be able to manage a company, you will also be expected to have some type of technical background, typically an engineering-based one.

 

Starting in High School

You should begin learning about engineering long before you enter the actual field. By gaining a background in this subject earlier in life, you can gain an advantage over your competing peers. One way to begin learning about the aerospace industry in high school is by joining an organization like AIAA, which offers students resources to learn more about the subject and gives select students financial aid to support further learning. 

When looking for scholarships in these organizations, it’s important to remember that your grades play a significant role. This isn’t to say that you need to get all As, but you need to get Bs and above. If you are not in a position to join a support program, you should focus on classes that can help you get a jump start on your college education with engineering in mind. By completing classes like Calculus, Physics, and Trigonometry, you can gain credit that allows you to skip similar classes in college and begin taking courses that better suit skills in engineering and business management.

 

Moving On to College

Once you have entered college, it becomes important that no matter where you go, you find a program with classes in engineering. However, it will be beneficial if the school also has a strong business department. It’s tempting to recommend that you just go to a highly ranked engineering school. However, it’s much more valuable for you to find a college where you are comfortable; the most efficient learning often comes at a place that meshes well with you as a person. 

The first two years of college will be more or less the same for you and all the other engineering students, while your junior and senior years are when you will get to specialize in a specific area. Given that your ultimate goal is to become a business executive, you should choose a branch of engineering more suited to different roles within the aerospace industry, so that when you apply for a job, you will have more options in the long run. Once you have a bachelor’s degree in engineering, you may want to take a master’s program in business as your next step, as having a degree in this subject area will significantly increase your ability to become an effective business executive.

 

Entering the Aerospace Industry

Now you’ve completed your necessary education, and it’s finally time to enter the aerospace industry. When looking for an employer, your resume is important, but so is your physical location. To increase your chances of finding a job, consider moving to a city that has a major influence on the entire industry, such as in Seattle, Los Angeles, or Dallas. By being in an area physically filled with the aerospace industry, there should be more job opportunities in general. You will also benefit from physical social networking, as in these large cities, ‘word-of-mouth’ can travel fast. 

Once you have gotten hired at an aerospace industry, whether in a business position or an engineering role, the most important thing to do is work hard and with a good attitude. The main reason why business executives move up from engineering is that they gain respect and trust from their fellow workers to accomplish the tasks that need to be done. Also, by starting in an engineering role and working up towards a business executive position, you will gain the significant advantage of knowing how the people who work beneath you function. This insight into their lives will make you a better executive. You will know how your actions from the business side of your aerospace company will affect and be affected by the people who run the business from behind the scenes: the engineers.

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