A cooling tower system is a special device designed to cool water with a stream of atmospheric air. Industrial cooling towers are the most economical and efficient way to cool large volumes of water and various liquids because they do not use ammonia, freon and other substances involved in heat exchange, which require additional electricity. The need to cool hot water arises when a manufacturing process requires it or when cooling water for a chiller with a water condenser.
How Cooling Tower Systems Work?
The principle of operation of any type of industrial cooling tower is based on the cooling of water or other liquid by atmospheric air. The air in this case acts as a refrigerant, which distinguishes the cooling tower from other types of refrigeration units. There are two types of such systems:
- open cooling tower;
- closed cooling tower.
In any industrial cooling tower, the principle of operation is based on the cooling of water or other liquid by atmospheric air. The air in this case acts as a refrigerant, which distinguishes the cooling tower from other types of refrigeration units.
Types of Cooling Tower Systems
Due to the developed surface of the sprinkler, a uniform flow of water in the form of a thin film is ensured. At the same time, effective cooling of water in open cooling tower systems is ensured by the oncoming flow of outside air. A small amount of water evaporates, and the bulk of the chilled water enters the cooling tower sump. Before returning to the system, the water is mechanically cleaned in a strainer.
The evaporated water is compensated by opening the make-up valve connected to the water supply system. The required minimum water level in the sump is maintained by the joint operation of the water level switch and the make-up valve. In the event of an emergency overshoot, excess water is removed from the cooling tower through an overflow pipeline.
In closed-type cooling tower systems, a sealed heat exchanger is located through which water or cooling liquid of the main circuit passes, and the heat exchanger itself is cooled by water and air from the external environment. Thanks to this arrangement, the contact of circulating water with the environment is excluded, which means that various debris and contaminants are excluded from entering the circuit.
What are the Components of HVAC Cooling Towers?
The fan cooling tower has a vertical layout and consists of three main parts:
- pan;
- casing;
- fan.
The welded pan is the base of the cooling towers and serves to drain the chilled water. The pallet has vertical racks on which the cooling tower body is attached from above. The cooling tower housing is a welded box-shaped structure and serves as a working area for cooling water. Inside the housing are located — a water distributor, a sprinkler, and a drop catcher.
In the lower part of the housing, there are guides on which the sprinkler is installed, and a canopy is welded along the perimeter to drain water from the air intake windows of the cooling towers. The upper part of the HVAC cooling tower housing ends with a transitional cone with a flange on which the fan is installed. The front wall and rear wall of the body are made removable and are bolted to the body. The front and rear walls of the housing have viewing windows that allow you to monitor the operation of the nozzles. Baikal Mechanical being professional in the installation of HVAC cooling towers will gladly help you to choose the system for your manufacture, which provides a given performance at a wet-bulb temperature of 18°C and relative humidity of 57%.
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